Summary of Ackoff’s Framework
| Action | Approach | Focus | Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|
| Absolve | Ignore the problem. | Inaction | Problem persists or worsens. |
| Dissolve | Change the system to eliminate the problem. | Proactive, transformational | Problem ceases to exist entirely. |
| Solve | Fix the problem within the current system. | Reactive, symptom-focused | Temporary relief; systemic issues remain. |
| Resolve | Improve the system to manage the problem. | Compromise, optimization | Incremental improvement without systemic change. |
Key Definitions
Generative Approach
- Core Idea: Solutions evolve from a deep understanding of the problem within its current system.
- Strengths: Utilizes existing knowledge and infrastructure; minimizes disruption.
- Limitations: Limited by existing paradigms; struggles with novel problems.
- Example: Optimizing traffic flow with smart traffic lights.
Disruptive Approach
- Core Idea: Solutions emerge by transforming or redefining the system itself.
- Strengths: Enables breakthroughs and tackles systemic issues.
- Limitations: Resource-intensive and faces resistance.
- Example: Replacing urban transport with autonomous electric vehicles.
The Problem-Solution-Approach Framework
This framework uses a Venn diagram to map three critical domains:
- Domain of Problems: Challenges needing solutions.
- Domain of Approaches: Strategies to address problems.
- Domain of Solutions: Effective outcomes resolving challenges.
The overlaps between these domains highlight key interaction zones:
Problem-Approach Overlap (“Relevance Zone”):
- Generative: Focuses on fitting solutions to existing contexts.
- Disruptive: Challenges and reframes problems for fresh perspectives.
Approach-Solution Overlap (“Efficiency Zone”):
- Generative: Enhances existing systems for seamless integration.
- Disruptive: Innovates transformative, long-term solutions.
Problem-Solution Overlap (“Root Cause Zone”):
- Generative: Resolves specific issues within the current system.
- Disruptive: Reimagines systems to eliminate the problem entirely.